Zobwezedwa, Sola kapena chamutu

M'mainjini ambiri opanga, a zochuluka ndi msonkhano wopangidwa kuti utolere mpweya wotulutsa kuchokera ku masilindala awiri kapena kuposerapo mu chitoliro chimodzi. Manifolds nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka m'magalimoto opanga masheya, ndipo amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe opulumutsa zinthu monga kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chocheperako, kukhala ndi malo ocheperako, kapena kukhala ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri wopanga. Kuletsa mapangidwe amenewa nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mapangidwe okwera mtengo koma osagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri potulutsa mpweya kuchokera mu injini. Kusakwanira kumachitika chifukwa cha mtundu wa injini yoyatsira moto ndi masilindala ake. Popeza masilinda amayaka nthawi zosiyanasiyana, utsi umawasiya nthawi zosiyanasiyana, ndipo mafunde amphamvu a gasi otuluka mu silinda imodzi sangachokeretu mu utsi akabwera wina. Izi zimapanga kupanikizika kwa msana ndi kuletsa muutsi wa injini zomwe zingalepheretse injini kuti isagwire bwino ntchito.

Mosasamala kanthu za makhalidwe oipa omwe amayang'ana kwambiri ndi omwe angathe kugulitsa masinthidwe azitsulo zazitsulo, akatswiri omwe amapanga zigawo za injini amasankha mitundu yambiri ya utsi wachitsulo akhoza kulembanso makhalidwe abwino, monga kuchuluka kwa kayendetsedwe ka kutentha ndi moyo wautali kuposa mtundu wina uliwonse wa kutulutsa kotulutsa mpweya. Kwa ogula wamba, kukhala ndi vuto ndi zida zilizonse zotha kutha kukhala 'osachita bwino'.

A chamutu ndi zobwezeredwa makamaka zopangidwira kuchita.^[1] Pakupanga, mainjiniya amapanga a zochuluka mosasamala za kulemera kapena mtengo koma m'malo mwake kuti mutenge mpweya wabwino wotulutsa mpweya. Kupanga uku kumabweretsa mutu womwe umakhala wothandiza kwambiri kuwononga utsi wa masilindala. Mitu nthawi zambiri imakhala yozungulira yachitsulo yokhala ndi machubu opindika ndi mapindikidwe omwe amawerengedwa kuti apangitse njira kuchokera pa doko lautsi la silinda iliyonse kupita kumalo otulutsira wamba onse kutalika kofanana, ndipo amalumikizana pamakona opapatiza kulimbikitsa mafunde kuthamanga kudutsa potuluka, osati kubwerera ku ma silinda ena. Mu gulu la tcherani mutu kutalika kwa chitoliro kumawerengeredwa mosamala kuti apititse patsogolo kutuluka kwa utsi mumitundu ina ya injini pamphindi (RPM).